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Chocolate ... Nature

Aztec sculpture of a man holding a cocoa fruit.

The cocoa tree has ancient origins and, according to detailed botanical research it is assumed that this was more than 6000 years ago in the Amazon and Orinoco. The first farmers began cultivating the cacao tree the Mayans were only around 1000 BC

with mystical and religious value, cocoa was consumed by the elite during important ceremonies, offered together to incense as a sacrifice to the gods. In addition to liturgical and ceremonial use, the Americas, the chocolate was consumed as a beverage, call xocoatl, often flavored with vanilla, chilli and pepper.

It was a luxury item throughout the pre-Columbian Central America, cocoa beans were used as a bargaining chip, as well as on behalf of units of measurement into the treasury of the emperor Moctezuma (better known as Montezuma's lame) if you could find almost a billion.

In 1502 came the contact with European civilization Cocoa: Christopher Columbus during his fourth and last trip to America landed in Honduras where he had the opportunity to taste a drink made with cocoa, in return, he brought with him some seeds cocoa show Ferdinand and Isabella of Spain, but did not give any importance to the discovery, probably not particularly impressed by the bitter taste of the drink.




The chocolate was always served as a beverage, but the Europeans, and especially the monastic orders of English repositories of a long tradition of herbal teas and mixtures, we added the vanilla and sugar to correct the natural bitterness and removed the pepper and chilli.

The meeting between Hernan Cortez and the emperor Montezuma

the late eighteenth century, the first chocolate table, as we know it today was invented in Turin by Doret. Blocks in 1802 invented a machine to refine the cocoa paste and mix it with sugar and vanilla.



In reality it was not until 1820 that the system was developed, and the first chocolate bar commercial was produced in England. In 1826, Pierre Paul Caffarel start 'the production of chocolate in large quantities thanks to a new machine capable of producing over 300 kg of chocolate per day.



In 1852 in Turin Prochet Michele begins to mix with chopped hazelnuts and roasted cocoa paste, creating Gianduia which will then be produced as gianduiotti wrapped individually.

But it was only in 1875 that the Swiss took another important step in the history Chocolate: the creation of milk chocolate with production of those years of milk powder.

Daniel Peter, a Swiss candle maker joined the father in the production of chocolate. In 1867 he began to incorporate the ingredients and the milk on the market on milk chocolate in 1875. To remove the water contained in milk, allowing a longer shelf life, was witnessed by a neighbor, a baby food manufacturer named Henri Nestlé.

In 1946 Pietro Ferrero began to produce cream with chocolate and hazelnut "Pasta Gianduja" with intent to sell within a few pounds confectioners Alba:

the product was a success in every aspect and a few years later, in 1964, he was born Nutella, which became popular around the world.

The origin of Nutella chocolate Gianduja is linked containing hazelnut paste. The Gianduia took root in Piedmont when excessive taxes on the import of cocoa beans began to discourage the spread of a chocolate pastry convenzionale.Pietro Ferreropossedeva Alba in the Langhe, an area known for the production of hazelnuts.

In 1946 he sold the first batch consisting of 300 kilos of "Pasta Giandujot. It was a chocolate and hazelnut paste, sold in blocks to be cut.

was born in 1951 instead Supercrema, vegetable preserves sold in large cans.

Il Bacio Perugina chocolates is irregularly shaped and round, filled with hazelnut, chopped hazelnut and covered in dark chocolate.

The presentation and packaging of the product are the work of Federico Seneca, artistic director of Perugia in the '20s, that reworking the image of the painting by Francesco Hayez The Kiss, created the typical blue box with the image of two lovers. It was also his idea to make the scrolls containing the phrases of love that still characterize the historic

chocolate.

Eurochocolate

A Pocket Coffee.Pocket-Coffee is a type of chocolate for Ferrero. It was marketed for the first time in Italy in 1968.I Pocket coffee chocolates are individually wrapped and consist of a shell of milk chocolate filled with coffee.

For many years, it was extremely difficult to locate Pocket coffee outside of Italy, and although the distribution is still very limited, you can find in some food stores online. The production limiting sales to only the winter months.

Trivia:

* The theobromine in chocolate is toxic to dogs, horses and other small animals that are unable to metabolizzarla.In small amount manages to be a powerful stimulant for horses, to the point of being banned from racing in the illegal substance.

If an animal eats chocolate in large quantities, theobromine can remain in your blood up to 20 hours, causing disorders that can range from convulsions, heart attack until internal bleeding - in the worst cases - death

* The Marquis De Sade believed that chocolate was an aphrodisiac and Gabriele d'Annunzio ate squares of dark chocolate before he met his lovers. The aphrodisiac effect is due to the presence phenylethylamine in cocoa, the substance that has euphoric effects (similar to that of amphetamines) and is produced by the body when the shoot lightning! In cocoa, then, there are important psychoactive substances such as theobromine and caffeine, exciting and stimulating breathing, heart activity but above the muscle function. All modern research has shown that chocolate, in right doses, is not only dangerous, but can also bring several benefits to the body is good even teeth.





* Eurochocolate is an annual event dedicated to the culture of chocolate, which is divided in a series of events, the first of which is held in Perugia in October.

Ferrari chocolate

Among the major events, the sight of chocolate sculptures, where skilled sculptors working cubic blocks of chocolate 1 m³ volume, to obtain works that will remain on display for the duration of the event.