How High Should Curtains Holdbacks Be

Carnival ...

Venetian Mask

Although part of the Christian tradition of celebrating carnival characters have origins in much older holidays, such as Dionysus Greek or Roman Saturnalia, which were an expression of the need for a temporary dissolution of the social obligations and hierarchies to leave room for subversion, a joke and even the debauchery. From a historical point of view and religious carnival therefore represents a time of celebration but also of renewal, albeit mostly symbolic, in which chaos replaced the established order, but once out of the holiday season, re-emerges new or refurbished and guaranteed valid for one cycle to the beginning of the next carnival.

Karneval in Rom (oil on canvas by Johannes Lingelbach 1622)

Through the anonymity guaranteed by masks and costumes, you get a sort of leveling of all social divisions and was approved even mockery of public authorities and the aristocracy. Clearly, these concessions were widely tolerated and regarded as a providential outburst of the tensions and resentments that were created inevitably within the Republic of Venice, which placed strict limits on issues such as morality and public order of its citizens.

wagon in the square of the Mugnaia Azeglio (TO), 1929

The word carnival comes from the Latin " ; carnem remove "(remove the meat), as originally indicated that the banquet was held on the last day of Carnival (Mardi Gras), just before the period of abstinence and fasting of Lent.

Carnival historic Italian

Carnival of Ivrea

....« The Carnival of Ivrea is the only one who has maintained a link with the Middle Ages, a time when this holiday was born: not that of Venice, woke up about thirty years ago, nor that of Viareggio, with the floats and papier-mache puppets, created in 1873, can boast an unbroken tradition. '....


(Chiara Frugoni, Middle Ages on the nose, Editori Laterza, 2004.)


The Carnival of Ivrea is characterized mainly by the complex ceremonial folk full of evocative historical and legendary, the obligation imposed on all participants to wear a red hat , and the spectacular "Battle of the Oranges" has become the very icon of carnival.

The origins of the Carnival of Ivrea can be traced back at least to the sixteenth century, when the festival was run, in rivalry with each other, from various districts of the city There has to be mentioned in this connection one of the elements that most characterize the three-day festival, which is required for all participants - worth the risk of becoming the target of "pretty orange throwing" - wearing the red Phrygian cap , the revolutionary icon made famous by the Parisian sans-culottes and Marianne



The Historic Carnival of Ivrea, famous for its climax of the Battle of the Oranges, but is considered one of the oldest and most special in the world, following modifier in a ceremony several times over the centuries.

the red Phrygian cap, the revolutionary icon

The whole carnival has the honor of representing, in the form of allegory, the revolt of the citizens for freedom from the tyrant of the city, probably Raineri Biandrate, killed by Mugnaia on which he prepared to exert the Droit de seigneur. It was that event to trigger the Civil War represented the battle between the people and the real troops that will be commemorated during the carnival, where teams of orange-throwers on foot (ie the people) defend their squares from orange throwers on the wagons (ie 's army) with strokes of orange to represent the arrows, while among the The procession paraded the city streets of Mugnaia throwing sweets and gifts to the population.

Even the uniforms - pants and jackets with the colors blue and red, black leather boots, sword at his side and feathered feluccas - worn by the staff officers placed under the command of General are those of the Napoleonic army.

The program of the carnival event goes beyond the historical procession, and the battle of the oranges, it takes place following a ceremonial and complex, governed by a precise script, about a period that extends well beyond the canonical three-day festival.

Venice Carnival

The establishment of the Carnival by the Venetian oligarchy is generally attributed to the need of the Serenissima, like what has already happened in ancient Rome ( see bread and circuses) to grant the people, and especially the lower classes, a short time entirely devoted to the fun and festivities, during which the Venetians and foreigners were pouring across the city to celebrate with music and wild dancing.

The Carnival of Venice is known for the beauty of the costumes, the pageantry of the celebration in the magical atmosphere of the lagoon and consists of several days full of events of various kinds : art exhibitions, fashion shows, theater performances and so on. Its origins are very ancient: the first evidence dates back to a document of Doge Vitale Falier of 1094

With the increasingly widespread practice of costumes for the Carnival, was born in Venice from nothing and gradually developed a real market of costumes and masks. Since 1271, there were no reports of mask making, and technical schools for their achievement

The Carnival of Viareggio


the Carnival of Viareggio is one of the most important and most popular carnivals in the world. To characterize the floats are more or less big parade on Sundays between January and February and on which dominate huge papier-mache caricatures of famous men in the field of politics, culture and entertainment, whose characteristic features, especially the facial features are underlined with satire and irony.
The tradition of the parade in Viareggio dates back to 1873, when a few rich families decided to dress up in protest against the excessive fees that were forced to pay. Since then every year this show eliminates the discontent of many people and at the end of the century, appeared in the triumphal wagons.

"The paper" is a preparation consisting essentially of water, glue, chalk and paper, the manufacturing process starts by creating a clay model. With a plastic cast on this model you get the negative of the mold, in which they are applying the strips of paper that have been previously soaked in a mixture of water and glue. Thanks to this material float makers can shape and very large volumes and masses, thanks to the lightness of the hollow forms, the wagon is a spectacular self-propelled. The strips are then made to join the cast, which then need many hours to dry.

Carnival in Rio de Janeiro




Rio de Janeiro was the first and most famous of the Brazilian Carnival. Its origins date back to the thirties of the nineteenth century, when the city's bourgeoisie imported from fashion to hold masked balls and parties, very popular in Paris.
initially very similar to European festivals, these events over time acquired the typical elements of African and Amerindian cultures.

The Brazilian Carnival is celebrated in differently in various regions of the country: Rio Carnival is considered one of the most famous in Brazil and around the world because of the magnificence and wealth of the festivities.

before the official recognition by the Government of the feast of carnival as an expression of culture, the Brazilians were used to trigger riots at the party.
Carnival in Rio de Janeiro is known worldwide, especially for the magnificent parades organized by the main samba schools of the city is certainly the most significant expressions of Brazilian culture, it combines art, music and fun four days of "nice madness. " The shows are Sambódromo play in the street flanked by bleachers installed specifically, where the top samba schools parade through the city.

Carnival offers a variety of events, including the famous Escolas de Samba parades in the Sambadrome in Rio de Janeiro and the popular 'blocos de carnaval "that parade almost in every corner of the city.


carried an article published by fortnightly magazine "Brazil - South America" \u200b\u200b

Recife

".... The carnival is an event of great importance in Brazil. Especially those of Rio, Salvador, Recife and in the last year of St. Paul not only involve large investments popular, but also strong economic interests revolve around these big parties massa.Nei days of carnival, the excessive consumption of alcohol has contributed to increasing the number of physical assaults . On the other hand, the thefts also grow because of the growing number of participants, that helps thieves. The truth is that abound fantasies (fantasy is also the uniform of the participants in the carnival ndt) (in all senses) and there are no uniforms (police ndt). To reduce crime and not only during the carnival, he emphasized, would require a more intense police scrutiny.

Brazil, meanwhile, remains far from clear idea when the subject is crime. Despite the alarming statistics, state governments have claimed that their carnivals were quiet. Rather than acknowledge the problem. "

full article link: http://www.brasileesudamerica.com/article.asp?sez0=10 & sez1 = 35 & art = 147